______________________________________________________________________ Foreword ______________________________________________________________________ 1 This document revises the version dated 28 April 1995 by incorporating the substantive changes approved by ISO WG21 and ANSI- X3J16 at their joint meeting in Monterey, California, USA in July, 1995. It will be presented for approval at the joint meeting in Tokyo, Japan in Novem- ber 1995. 2 The C++ programming language as described in this Working Paper is based on the language as described in Chapter R (Reference Manual) of Stroustrup: The Programming Language (second edition, Addison-Wesley Publishing Company, ISBN 0-201-53992-6, copyright (C) 1991 AT&T). That, in turn, is based on the C programming language as described in Appendix A of Kernighan and Ritchie: The C Programming Language (Pren- tice-Hall, 1978, ISBN 0-13-110163-3, copyright (C) 1978 AT&T). In addition, portions of this Working Paper are based on work by P.J. Plauger, which was published as The Draft Standard C++ Library; Pren- tice-Hall, ISBN 0-13-117003-1, copyright (C) 1995 P.J. Plauger). All rights in these originals are reserved. 3 The C language changed substantially after The C Programming Language was published. Those changes are reflected in ISO/IEC 9899:1990, C Standard which, together with Chapter R of The C++ Programming Lan- guage, serve as the two base documents for this Working Paper. 4 Most clause and subclause titles have text in square brackets at the end of their respective lines. The bracketed text is a symbolic name for that clause or subclause, with the idea that the symbolic name will remain constant even if the corresponding number changes in sub- sequent drafts. These symbolic names are there for convenience only and are not part of the text; they will not appear in the final ver- sion of the International Standard. +------- BEGIN BOX 0 -------+ Throughout the text appear rectangular boxes, each with a label of the form Box n in its upper left corner, where n represents a natural num- ber. These boxes, and their contents, are there for convenience only and are not part of the text; they will not appear in the final ver- sion of the International Standard. A vertical bar in the right margin shows text that is new or changed from the version approved at the Valley Forge meeting; an asterisk _________________________ - American National Standards Institute there shows where text was deleted. These ``change bars'' were mech- nically prepared in a way that is sometimes too conservative: it is possible that text is shown as changed that did not actually change. However, the method of preparation is intended to ensure that a change bar does indeed indicate every change. +------- END BOX 0 -------+